Below is a picture of caption and description buttons integrated into the QuickTime Player interface. In fact, this is crucial when embedding a player into a Web page. The QuickTime Player, GRiNS Player, Ambulant Player and RealPlayer each provide a menu selection or dialog box for this feature, but for better accessibility authors should consider adding accessible buttons to the player interface for easier toggling of tracks. When authored correctly, SMIL allows users to turn captions and descriptions on and off via a player interface. Visit the W3C's Synchronized Multimedia page for complete information about SMIL and related activities at the W3C. SMIL-formatted multimedia can be delivered via the Internet or a local file system via hard drive, CD or DVD. SMIL multimedia presentations are made up of elements-sound, video, pictures and text-that are stored separately and then synchronized at the time of playback. SMIL 2.1 is the latest version of the specification, published in 2005. SMIL was developed by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), an international industry consortium that publishes protocols for the Web. See Guideline I and Guideline J for complete information on adding accessible multimedia to electronic texts. DTBs can accommodate accessible in-line audio clips, and at least one software DTB device supports embedded video. Some e-book formats, such as PDF, allow multimedia to be embedded directly into the book. ![]() A free utility, the Media Access Generator (MAGpie), can be used to create captions and audio descriptions for SMIL presentations, and captions only for SAMI and Adobe Flash presentations.Īuthors of e-books and digital talking books can integrate accessible multimedia into these materials. SAMI is played solely by the Windows Media Player. SMIL is played by the QuickTime Player, RealPlayer, the Oratrix GRiNS Player and the Ambulant Player. There are two markup formats that support the inclusion of audio descriptions and/or closed captions in digital multimedia presentations- Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language (SMIL) and Synchronized Accessible Media Interchange (SAMI). Open captions and descriptions may not be turned off-everyone sees or hears them, whether they want to or not. ![]() Closed captions and descriptions may be toggled on and off by the user via a preferences setting, a menu option or, in some cases, a button on the player interface. Audio descriptions can assist students with learning disabilities by reinforcing through audio what the user is watching on the screen.Ĭaptions and audio descriptions may be integrated into multimedia as a user-selectable option (closed) or permanently recorded along with the main audio or video (open). They are also useful for people learning to read or learning English as a second language. Captions can provide a powerful search capability, allowing users to search the caption text to locate a specific video, or an exact point in a video. Both audio descriptions and captions are useful learning tools for a wide array of users in addition to their originally intended audiences. Captions added to multimedia presentations ensure that the audio components of the presentation are accessible to individuals who are deaf or hard-of-hearing. ![]() Provide access to multimedia presentations for users with sensory disabilities.Īudio descriptions provide access to multimedia for people who are blind or visually impaired by adding narration that describes the visuals, including action, scene changes, graphics and on-screen text.
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